| Name | Instrument | Dates |
| Andre Abel | guitar, piano? | 1/23/2010 |
| Joshua Abrams | bass | 9/20/2006 |
| Pekka Airaksinen | electronics | 9/26/2009 |
| Susan Alcorn | pedal steel | 7/21/2007, 3/15/2008, 9/6/2009, 11/14/2009 |
| Jeffrey Allport [2] | drums | 12/8/2009 |
| Emil Amos | drums | 4/20/2006, 10/27/2006, 10/24/2024 |
| Amy Annelle [2] | vocals | 3/15/2008 |
| Eric Arn | bass | 10/14/2009 |
| Wendy Atkinson | bass | 12/8/2009 |
| Erich Avinger | flute, guitar | 3/10/2013 |
| Ana Balka | violin | 2/17/2007 |
| Julien Bancilhon | homemade electric bass | 3/29/2019 |
| Elaine Barber | harp | 2/16/2016 |
| Marcia Bassett | guitar, vocals | 9/5/2009 |
| Peter Bastiaan | saxophones | 1/23/2010 |
| Karl Bauer | viola, keyboards, drums | 9/5/2009 |
| Kai Becker | organ | 10/25/2024 |
| Biba Bell | dance, vocals | 5/17/2008, 4/23/2009 |
| Kris Bernard | bass guitar, drums | 5/24/2014 |
| Hisham Akira Bharoocha | electric bass | 7/22/2018 |
| Ramin Bijan | electric bass | 11/12/2017 |
| Heta Bilaletdin | guitar | 7/20/2010, 7/21/2010 |
| Peter Blasser | trombone, tuba | 4/10/2011 |
| Kevin Bogart | bass | 7/12/2012 |
| Alexei Borisov | electronics | 9/26/2009, 6/21/2010, 6/23/2010 |
| Paul Borman | bass | 10/12/2019 |
| Sheila Bosco [2] | drums | 9/14/2019 |
| Dan Breen | percussion | 11/14/2009 |
| Greg Brucker | double bass | 11/12/2010 |
| Lisa Cameron | percussion | 6/15/2012 |
| Spat Cannon | double bass | 8/5/2010 |
| Loren Robert Carle | harpsichord | 6/24/2007 |
| Skye Carrasco | violin | 10/6/2007 |
| Tom Carter | bass | 3/17/2007, 1/12/2008, 9/5/2009 |
| Dean Cercone | guitar | 8/5/2010 |
| Brian Chase | drums | 7/22/2018 |
| Richard Cholakian | drums | 1/6/2017 |
| Dave Chokroun | double bass | 12/9/2009 |
| Rob Clutton | double bass, bass | 9/17/2006, 4/23/2009 |
| Chris Cogburn [2] | drums | 8/28/2005 |
| Ian M. Colletti [2] | classical guitar, harp, violin, vocals, mandolin, harmonium, theremin | 3/23/2012, 3/24/2012, 3/25/2012, 3/26/2012 |
| Loren Connors | guitar | 9/6/2005, 10/16/2005, 3/10/2006, 2/23/2024, 2/24/2024 |
| Taylor Conrad | keyboards, drums, electric guitar | 9/14/2017 |
| Sam Coomes | bass | 4/20/2006, 10/27/2006, 10/25/2024 |
| Seth Coon | bass clarinet | 2/17/2007 |
| Matty Coonfield | electric bass, electric guitar, drums, keyboards | 3/21/2014 |
| James Cornish | trumpet | 5/17/2008 |
| Chris Corsano | drums | 9/6/2005, 9/7/2005, 5/17/2006, 6/16/2008 |
| Simeon Cöster [2] | drums | 11/12/2017 |
| Bradford Cox | guitar | 7/28/2012 |
| Chris Curiel | trumpet | 5/19/2016 |
| Emily Curran | electric guitar, electric violin | 5/24/2014 |
| Jeremiah Cymerman | clarinet | 4/12/2008 |
| Tim Dahl | electric bass | 6/22/2018 |
| John Darnielle | keyboards | 2/22/2009 |
| Brian DeGayner | French horn | 10/20/2012 |
| Jessica Dennison | vocals | 4/20/2006, 10/27/2006 |
| Jean Derome | saxophones | 6/24/2007 |
| Nelson Devereaux | saxophones, clarinet | 10/31/2013 |
| Derek Dicenzo | bass | 10/10/2008 |
| Jorrit Dijkstra | alto saxophone, lyricon | 6/8/2007 |
| Ray Dillard | drums, percussion | 6/24/2007 |
| Aaron Dilloway | electronics, guitar | 4/10/2011 |
| Jason Dowling | bass | 1/13/2012, 2/15/2013 |
| Jon Doyle | clarinet | 6/15/2012 |
| Max Dyer | cello | 3/10/2013 |
| John Edwards | double bass | 4/4/2013 |
| Emil Elg [2] | electric bass | 9/14/2019 |
| Che Elias | vocals | 3/25/2012 |
| Maegan Ellis | clarinet | 2/16/2016 |
| Brent Fariss | bass | 6/15/2012 |
| John Fernandes | bass clarinet, violin | 7/28/2012 |
| Mick Flower | guitar, shahi baaja | 5/17/2006 |
| Tim Foljahn | bass | 4/14/2007 |
| Nick Fraser | percussion | 9/17/2006 |
| Curtis Fye | bass | 3/11/2007 |
| Gloria Galante | harp | 4/12/2008 |
| Isabelle Ganz | vocals | 3/10/2013 |
| Juan Garcia | bass | 8/28/2005 |
| Charles Gillett | electric guitar, electric bass | 10/20/2012, 4/14/2024 |
| Tim Glenn [2] | drums | 10/31/2013 |
| Adam Gold | drums | 10/30/2009 |
| Anne Gomez | tenor saxophone, bass | 2/22/2009 |
| Stefan Gonzalez | drums | 6/1/2013 |
| Toby Goodshank | drums | 7/20/2024 |
| Lucas Gorham [2] | electric guitar | 10/9/2015 |
| Josh Gosselin | drums | 6/22/2018 |
| Brittany Gould | vocals | 7/25/2008 |
| Mark Gregory | accordion, synthesizer | 10/9/2015 |
| Iro Haarla | harp | 11/19/2005 |
| Michael Hafftka | Godin glissantar, bass | 3/23/2012, 3/26/2012 |
| Theis Boisen Hansen | electric bass | 11/11/2007 |
| Mark Hanson | drums | 10/1/2011 |
| Jay Harmon | keyboards, drums, electric guitar | 9/14/2017 |
| Twig Harper [2] | electronics | 11/14/2009 |
| Eric Harris | drums | 7/28/2012 |
| Liz Harris | vocals | 4/20/2006, 10/27/2006 |
| Jeff Harshbarger [2] | bass | 3/4/2023 |
| Craig Hauschildt | gongs | 5/3/2009 |
| Thomas Helton | bass guitar | 10/20/2015 |
| Sarah Hennies | percussion | 8/28/2005, 6/15/2012 |
| Joseph Hess [2] [3] | drums, electric bass, electric guitar, vocals, keyboards | 3/21/2014 |
| Matt Heyner [2] | bass | 9/6/2005, 9/7/2005, 6/15/2008, 6/16/2008 |
| Catherine Irwin | bass | 9/28/2012 |
| Shahzad Ismaily | bass | 9/6/2009 |
| Liz Janes | viola, vocals | 12/9/2006 |
| Alex Jenkins | drums | 11/12/2010 |
| Ryan Jewell | percussion | 10/10/2008 |
| Lester Johnson | double bass | 12/9/2006 |
| Will Johnson | drums | 7/21/2007, 3/15/2008 |
| Zac Johnson | fiddle | 10/1/2011 |
| Brian Jones | drums, percussion | 3/11/2007, 2/22/2009 |
| Red Bob Jungkunz [2] | drums | 1/13/2012, 2/15/2013 |
| David Keenan | drums | 7/19/2009, 7/20/2009, 7/21/2009 (1), 7/21/2009 (2), 7/22/2009, 3/18/2010, 3/19/2010, 3/20/2010, 3/21/2010, 3/24/2010, 3/25/2010, 3/26/2010, 3/27/2010, 3/28/2010, 12/27/2012 |
| Greg Kelley [2] | trumpet | 6/8/2007 |
| DD Kern | drums | 10/14/2009 |
| Eli Keszler | percussion | 6/8/2007, 4/23/2009, 2/23/2024, 2/24/2024 |
| Christian Kiefer | guitar | 11/12/2010 |
| Billy Steve Korpi | electric guitar, keyboards | 4/22/2015 |
| Steven Kowalski | keyboards | 6/3/2016 |
| Dico Kruijsse [2] | drums | 10/17/2019 |
| Valerie Kuehne | cello, autoharp, vocals | 3/23/2012, 3/24/2012, 3/25/2012 |
| J.C. Kuhl | tenor saxophone | 3/11/2007, 4/23/2009 |
| Rachelle Lalonde | vocals, guitar, mandolin, percussion | 1/13/2012, 3/23/2012, 3/24/2012, 3/25/2012, 3/26/2012 |
| Marcus Lawyer | bass guitar | 4/22/2015 |
| Chrissie Lazano [2] | electric bass | 5/12/2017 |
| Heather Leigh | pedal steel, vocals, bass | 10/16/2005, 7/19/2009, 7/20/2009, 7/21/2009 (1), 7/21/2009 (2), 7/22/2009, 3/18/2010, 3/19/2010, 3/20/2010, 3/21/2010, 3/24/2010, 3/25/2010, 3/26/2010, 3/27/2010, 3/28/2010, 12/27/2012 |
| Daniel Levine | trumpet | 3/9/2019 |
| Alan Lewandowski | guitar | 3/26/2012 |
| Alan Licht | guitar | 10/16/2005, 3/10/2006 |
| Andrew Lindstrom | drums | 7/25/2008 |
| Jack Lowe [2] | electric guitar, electric bass, drums | 2/14/2014, 2/15/2014, 2/16/2014 |
| Eric Lyday | drum | 2/16/2016 |
| Kyle Mabson | beats | 8/5/2016, 6/2/2024 |
| Valentina Magaletti | drums | 4/2/2019 |
| Nicole Marchesseau | prepared piano | 10/3/2010 |
| Craig Matarrese | bass | 10/20/2012, 10/31/2013 |
| Christian Matjias | harpsichord | 5/17/2008 |
| John McEntire | drums | 9/20/2006 |
| Heather McIntosh | cello | 7/28/2012 |
| Andrew McKeon | percussion | 8/5/2010 |
| Shawn David McMillen | harmonium | 3/17/2007 |
| James Metcalfe | chimes, percussion | 5/3/2009, 3/10/2013 |
| Louis Michot [2] | violin, accordion, vocals | 5/13/2023 |
| Sei Miguel | trumpet | 1/23/2010 |
| Andrew Miller [2] | keyboards | 5/19/2016 |
| BJ Miller | drums | 1/8/2011 |
| Ben Monder | guitar | 7/22/2018 |
| Thurston Moore | guitar | 4/29/2010 |
| Vincent Mougel | bass | 5/23/2013 |
| Olivia Muzzy | double bass | 10/6/2007 |
| Crystal Myslajek | keyboards | 10/31/2013 |
| Mike Naus | bass synth | 4/1/2012 |
| Stephen Nawara [2] | electric bass | 6/3/2016 |
| Alex Neilson [2] | drums, percussion | 10/17/2004, 5/22/2005, 5/23/2005, 10/14/2005, 5/14/2005, 5/18/2006, 11/10/2007, 11/11/2007, 4/18/2012, 4/21/2012, 4/4/2013, 4/6/2013 |
| Stefan Neville | drums | 3/29/2019 |
| Betsy Nichols | vocals | 10/1/2011 |
| Anton Nikkilä | electronics | 9/26/2009, 7/20/2010, 7/21/2010 |
| Pete Nolan | drums | 4/14/2007, 6/15/2008, 9/5/2009 |
| Olga Nosova [2] | drums, vocals, guitar, bass | 6/21/2010, 6/23/2010 |
| Marc Orleans | pedal steel | 10/1/2011 |
| James Ostrander | lap steel | 6/2/2024, 10/25/2024 |
| Emmanuelle Parrenin | vocals | 5/23/2013 |
| Anthony Pasquarosa [2] | banjo | 10/1/2011 |
| Adam Patterson [2] | drums | 10/20/2012 |
| Spike the Percussionist | electronic percussion, samples | 4/1/2012 |
| Nilan Perera | guitar | 9/17/2006 |
| Fred Pfening | electric bass | 9/14/2017 |
| Aja Pollock | electric bass | 8/28/2025 |
| Josh Pollock | drums, vibraphone | 10/9/2015 |
| Maja Radovanlija | guitar | 10/31/2013 |
| Mary Radspinner | harp | 3/10/2013 |
| Angela Reed | bass clarinet | 5/3/2009 |
| Katya Rekk [2] | keyboards | 6/21/2010 |
| Kevin Richards | guitar | 7/25/2008 |
| Jordan Richardson | drums | 9/28/2012 |
| Mark Riddell | electric bass | 1/6/2017, 4/21/2017, 12/12/2025 | Hunter Roberts | electric bass | 5/10/2025 |
| Rob Rushin | guitar | 12/1/2008 |
| Justino Saladino | drums, electric bass | 7/12/2012, 2/14/2014, 2/15/2014, 2/16/2014, 3/5/2017, 12/12/2025 |
| Ari Salonen [2] | bass, vocals? | 7/20/2010, 7/21/2010 |
| Julian Sartorius | drums, electric bass | 5/25/2013 |
| Marty Sataman [2] | electric bass | 8/5/2016, 6/2/2024 |
| Marcus Savino [2] | drums | 5/24/2014 |
| Ryan Sawyer | drums | 9/6/2009 |
| Sara Schoenbeck | bassoon | 4/12/2008 |
| Doc Schonberg | drums | 5/23/2013 |
| Austin Sepulvado | electric guitar | 4/21/2017 |
| Kelly Shane | percussion | 2/17/2007 |
| Tyson Sheth | drums | 4/5/2009 |
| David Shettler | drum machine | 6/3/2016 |
| Dylan Simon | harmonium, gong | 10/30/2009 |
| Ben Sloan | drums | 5/10/2025 |
| George Smith | flute, xylophone | 12/9/2006 |
| Ches Smith | drums | 1/12/2008, 12/14/2019 |
| Sheila Smith | theremin, vocals, drums, electric guitar, electric bass, keyboards, dance, harmonica, violin, piano, tambourine | 3/16/2009, 7/12/2012, 2/14/2014, 2/15/2014, 2/16/2014, 3/21/2014, 4/19/2014, 5/24/2014, 4/22/2015, 10/9/2015, 10/20/2015, 2/16/2016, 5/19/2016, 6/3/2016, 8/5/2016, 1/6/2017, 3/5/2017, 4/21/2017, 5/12/2017, 9/14/2017, 11/12/2017, 6/22/2018, 7/22/2018, 3/9/2019, 3/29/2019, 4/2/2019, 9/14/2019, 10/12/2019, 10/17/2019, 12/14/2019, 3/4/2023, 5/13/2023, 2/23/2024, 2/24/2024, 4/14/2024, 6/2/2024, 7/20/2024, 10/25/2024, 5/10/2025, 8/28/2025, 12/12/2025 |
| LaDonna Smith | viola, shamisen, "exotic strings" | 10/30/2009 |
| Gary Stevens [2] | beats | 5/12/2017 |
| Josh Stevenson [2] | EMS Synthi AKS | 12/8/2009 |
| Jesse Stewart | percussion | 10/3/2010 |
| Luke Stewart | electric bass | 12/14/2019 |
| Pete Swanson | guitar | 5/25/2013 |
| PJ Sykes | electric guitar | 5/12/2017 |
| Clint Takeda | electric bass | 3/9/2019 |
| Phil Todd | bass, guitar, piano | 11/10/2007, 11/11/2007 |
| Will Toledo | guitar | 8/5/2016, 6/2/2024, 10/25/2024 |
| Robert Turman | electronics, guitar | 4/10/2011 |
| Spencer Tweedy | drums | 8/28/2025 |
| Jonathan Valdez | computer drums | 4/14/2024 |
| Jaap van der Velde | electric bass | 10/17/2019 |
| Annelies Van Dinter | acoustic guitar, bass guitar, keyboards, drums, vocals | 4/19/2014 |
| Will Van Horn [2] | pedal steel | 4/21/2017 |
| Jeremy Van Wyck [2] | drums | 12/9/2009 |
| Austin Vaughn | drums | 4/10/2011 |
| Scott Verrastro [2] | drums | 9/26/2009 |
| Keith Vivens | bass | 4/5/2009 |
| Chad Voight | drums | 12/1/2008 |
| Nathan Vollmar | drums | 12/9/2006 |
| Rachael Wadham | zither | 12/8/2009 |
| Ian Wadley | drums | 3/17/2007 |
| Byron Wallen | trumpet | 4/4/2013 |
| Dane Waters | keyboards | 9/28/2012 |
| Mike Watt | bass | 1/8/2011, 6/1/2013 |
| Travis Weller | viola | 6/15/2012 |
| Benjamin Wesley | keyboards | 4/1/2012 |
| Ryan Weston | drums | 10/20/2015 |
| Ralph White | fiddle, banjo | 7/21/2007, 3/15/2008 |
| Jason Willett [2] | electronics | 11/14/2009 |
| Grant Williams [2] | drums | 3/4/2023 |
| Ryan Williams | bass | 7/21/2007, 3/15/2008 |
| Eli Winter | electric guitar | 4/24/2024 |
| Jennifer Wohlenhaus | oboe | 10/6/2007 |
| Dan Workman | guitar, keyboard, laptop | 5/3/2009 |
| Joe Wozny [2] | electric guitar | 10/20/2015 |
| Chris Wunderlich [2] | keyboards | 9/28/2012 |
| Janet Wygal | electric bass | 7/20/2024 |
| C. Spencer Yeh | violin | 10/10/2008 |
| Richard Youngs | bass | 10/17/2004, 5/22/2005, 5/23/2005, 10/14/2005, 5/14/2006, 5/18/2006, 4/21/2012, 4/6/2013 |
| Karl Zickrick | guitar, bass | 7/25/2008 |
| Anika | vocals | 5/25/2013 |
| Christopher | drums, electric guitar | 4/22/2015 |
| ? | cello, double bass | 4/18/2012 |